In his fifty-six years he was at times many things, including a fugitive, prisoner, rising politician, army leader, legal advocate, rebel, dictator –….

By pagans the Jews (and later Christians) were seen as perverse, almost indeed as atheists, for they denied the very existence of other gods..

At Rome there were nothing even vaguely resembling modern political parties - although given the stifling impact of these, this may well have made it….

The story of the fifth century was one of the exploitation of imperial weakness. Thus the Western Empire died..