Money is not capital in most of the developing countries. It's just cash. Because it lacks the institutional, organizational, managerial forms to turn it into capital.
Economics taught in most of the elite universities are practically useless in my context. My country is dominated by drug economy and a mafia. Textbook economics does not work in my context, and I have very few recommendations from anybody as to how to put together a legal economy.
Interpretation
What this quote means
The quote criticizes traditional economics for being irrelevant in a context dominated by illegal activities.
Ashraf Ghani's statement highlights the disconnect between academic economics and the realities faced in regions where illicit economies, such as drug trafficking, prevail. He emphasizes the need for practical, context-specific solutions rather than standard textbook theories that do not account for the complexities of such environments, reflecting the struggles of nations trying to build a lawful economy amidst entrenched criminal networks.
Themes
In practice
Example use cases
In a lecture about the applications of economics, one might use this quote to illustrate the importance of context when studying economic theories.
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The most insidious thing about trickle-down economics is not the claim that if the rich get richer, everyone is better off. It is the claim made by those who oppose any increase in the minimum wage that if the poor get richer, that will be bad for the economy. This is nonsense.
Every economy exists, no matter what the level of democracy, has elements of crony capitalism. It's - given human nature and given the democratic structures, which we all, I assume, adhere to, that is an inevitable consequence.
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To a person of analytical ability, perceptive enough to realise that mathematical equipment was a powerful sword in economics, the world of economics was his or her oyster in 1935. The terrain was strewn with beautiful theorems begging to be picked up and arranged in unified order.
If you go back to the really long-run questions that interested me, the big question was why, over the centuries, the millennia, has growth been speeding up?