A review of seventy-four clinical trials of antidepressants, for example, found that thirty-seven of thirty-eight positive studies [that praised the drugs] were published. But of the thirty-six negative studies, thirty-three were either not published or published in a form that conveyed a positive outcome.
Interpretation
The quote highlights the bias in publishing clinical trial results regarding antidepressants.
Marcia Angell's quote emphasizes the significant issue of publication bias in clinical research, specifically concerning antidepressants. It reveals that a majority of studies showing positive results are published, while negative results are often hidden or manipulated to appear favorable. This problem undermines the integrity of scientific research and can lead to misleading conclusions about the effectiveness of treatments, ultimately affecting patient care and trust in medical science.
In practice
This quote can be used in a discussion about the ethics of pharmaceutical research.
It is simply no longer possible to believe much of the clinical research that is published, or to rely on the judgment of trusted physicians or authoritative medical guidelines. I take no pleasure in this conclusion, which I reached slowly and reluctantly over my two decades as an editor of The New England Journal of Medicine.
By curious accident of history and geography, the world's major energy resources are located pretty much in Shiite regions. They're a minority in the Middle East, but they happen to be where the oil is, right around the northern part of the Gulf.
I cannot give any scientist of any age better advice than this: the intensity of a conviction that a hypothesis is true has no bearing over whether it is true or not.
String theory is not the only theory that can accommodate extra dimensions, but it certainly is the one that really demands and requires it.
Subatomic particles do not exist but rather show 'tendencies to exist', and atomic events do not occur with certainty at definite times and in definite ways, but rather show 'tendencies to occur'.
I profess to learn and to teach anatomy not from books but from dissections, not from the tenets of Philosophers but from the fabric of Nature.
Science affects the average man and woman in two ways already. He or she benefits by its application driving a motor-car or omnibus instead of a horse-drawn vehicle, being treated for disease by a doctor or surgeon rather than a witch, and being killed with an automatic pistol or shell in place of a dagger or a battle-axe.
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