The most valuable of all capital is that invested in human beings
Alfred MarshallRead
All wealth consists of desirable things; that is, things which satisfy human wants directly or indirectly: but not all desirable things are reckoned as wealth.
Interpretation
Wealth includes desirable items that fulfill human wants, but not all desirable items are considered wealth.
This quote by Alfred Marshall emphasizes the distinction between wealth and desirability. It suggests that while wealth is fundamentally linked to what people find desirable and necessary for their well-being, not everything that is desirable counts as wealth. This perspective encourages a deeper understanding of economic value and the subjective nature of human wants.
In practice
During a lecture about the nature of wealth and economics, this quote can illustrate the limitations of defining wealth purely in monetary terms.
The most valuable of all capital is that invested in human beings
Economists love to talk about incentives, but the bottom line is that people hate being controlled or manipulated, even when done through voluntary institutions. This is one of the most important tensions in capitalism.
It is credit that matters, not money (in other words, monetarism is a false ideology).
It's not that other countries steal jobs from you guys. It's your strategy. Distribute the money and things in a proper way.
If I care about poverty, I have to care a lot about investments in the private sector. The private sector creates the vast majority of jobs in the world, and social protection only goes so far.
China's government has far more control over the country's economy than our government has over ours, and it is moving from export dependence to a model of growth driven by domestic demand. Any restriction on exports to the U.S. would simply accelerate a process already underway.
Adam Smith's 'invisible hand' is not above sudden, disturbing, movements. Since its inception, capitalism has known slumps and recessions, bubble and froth; no one has yet dis-invented the business cycle, and probably no one will; and what Schumpeter famously called the 'gales of creative destruction' still roar mightily from time to time. To lament these things is ultimately to lament the bracing blast of freedom itself.
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