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Democracy is necessarily despotism, as it establishes an executive power contrary to the general will; all being able to decide against one whose opinion may differ, the will of all is therefore not that of all: which is contradictory and opposite to liberty.
Immanuel Kant
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Interpretation

What this quote means

Kant argues that democracy can lead to oppression when the majority overpowers minority opinions, contradicting true freedom.

In this quote, Immanuel Kant reflects on the complexities of democratic systems, suggesting that the tyranny of the majority undermines individual liberty. He posits that while democracy allows collective decision-making, it can lead to an oppressive environment for dissenting voices, thus creating a form of despotism that contradicts the essence of true freedom.

Themes

DemocracyLibertyDespotismMajorityOpinion

In practice

Example use cases

In a discussion on political philosophy, one might reference this quote to highlight the dangers of majority rule.

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. . . as to moral feeling, this supposed special sense, the appeal to it is indeed superficial when those who cannot think believe that feeling will help them out, even in what concerns general laws: and besides, feelings which naturally differ infinitely in degree cannot furnish a uniform standard of good and evil, nor has any one a right to form judgments for others by his own feelings. . . .
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Two things fill the mind with ever new and increasing admiration and awe, the oftener and more steadily we reflect on them: the starry heavens above me and the moral law within me.
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