The trouble with Eichmann was precisely that so many were like him, and that the many were neither perverted nor sadistic, that they were, and still are, terribly and terrifyingly normal. From the viewpoint of our legal institutions and of our moral standards of judgment, this normality was much more terrifying than all the atrocities put together.
Interpretation
The quote highlights the unsettling reality that ordinary people can commit horrific acts while remaining seemingly normal.
Hannah Arendt's quote addresses the concept of the 'banality of evil,' suggesting that the most horrifying actions can be carried out by average individuals who are not inherently evil. This 'normality' in the context of moral judgment poses a greater threat than the visible evil acts themselves, emphasizing that ordinary people can perpetuate systemic atrocities without recognizing the moral implications of their actions.
In practice
During a lecture on moral philosophy, one could use this quote to illustrate the dangers of complacency in society.
A life spent entirely in public, in the presence of others, becomes, as we would say, shallow. While it retains its visibility, it loses its quality of rising into sight from some darker ground which must remain hidden if it is not to lose its depth in a very real, non-subjective sense.
Politically speaking, tribal nationalism [patriotism] always insists that its own people are surrounded by 'a world of enemies' - 'one against all' - and that a fundamental difference exists between this people and all others. It claims its people to be unique, individual, incompatible with all others, and denies theoretically the very possibility of a common mankind long before it is used to destroy the humanity of man.
We are wont to see friendship solely as a phenomenon of intimacy in which the friends open their hearts to each other unmolested by the world and its demands...Thus it is hard for us to understand the political relevance of friendship...But for the Greeks the essence of friendship consisted in discourse...The converse (in contrast to the intimate talk in which individuals speak about themselves), permeated though it may be by pleasure in the friend’s presence, is concerned with the common world.
Our tradition of political thought had its definite beginning in the teachings of Plato and Aristotle. I believe it came to a no less definite end in the theories of Karl Marx.
Even though we have lost yardsticks by which to measure, and rules under which to subsume the particular, a being whose essence is a beginning may have enough of origin within himself to understand without preconceived categories and to judge without the set of customary rules which is morality.
It is the nature of beginning that something new is started which cannot be expected from whatever may have happened before. This character of startling unexpectedness is inherent in all beginnings.
No matter how much we try to run away from this thirst for the answer to life, for the meaning of life, the intensity only gets stronger and stronger. We cannot escape these spiritual hungers.
He who says there is no such thing as an honest man, you may be sure is himself a knave.
Miracles occur all around us, signs from God show us the way, angels plead to be heard, but we pay little attention to them.
In framing a government which is to be administered by men over men you must first enable the government to control the governed; and in the next place oblige it to control itself.
My objection to organized religion is the premature conclusion to ultimate truth that it represents.
Whatever its symbol - cross or crescent or whatever - that symbol is man's reminder of his duty inside the human race.
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