There is no plausible theory under which the record of the Pentagon Papers can be interpreted as relating to the national defense.
France had a policy, initiated by General de Gaulle, of trying to turn Europe into what was then called a 'third force,' independent of the two superpowers, so Europe should pursue an independent course.
Interpretation
What this quote means
The quote discusses Europe's attempt to establish itself as an independent entity separate from the influence of the superpowers during the Cold War.
Noam Chomsky's quote reflects on General de Gaulle's vision for Europe as a 'third force' that would not be dominated by the competing superpowers of the time—the United States and the Soviet Union. This idea emphasizes the importance of European autonomy and the pursuit of an independent political and diplomatic path, signaling a desire for self-determination in international relations during a period marked by intense rivalry and polarization.
Themes
In practice
Example use cases
This quote could be used in a discussion about European politics during the Cold War.
More from Noam Chomsky
All quotes →The 'free-floating intellectual' may occupy himself with problems because of their inherent interest and importance, perhaps to little effect.
If you're teaching today what you were teaching five years ago, either the field is dead or you are.
There are very few people who are going to look into the mirror and say, 'That person I see is a savage monster;' instead, they make up some construction that justifies what they do.
The Republican Party has become overwhelmingly so extreme that it's hardly a traditional political party anymore.
There is still much debate about whether torture has been effective in eliciting information - the assumption being, apparently, that if it is effective, then it may be justified.
Similar quotes
It's hard to overstate the lasting harm Mr. Tillerson's tenure will do to America's diplomacy.
Democracy, to maintain itself, must repeatedly conquer every cell and corner of the nation. How many of our public institutions and private businesses, our schools, hospitals, and domestic hearths are in reality little fascist states where freedom of speech is more rigorously excluded than vermin?
That a peasant may become king does not render the kingdom democratic.
But I can tell you what I believe: When tens of thousands of innocent souls have perished in Darfur-when 11 million children are without health insurance-when our colossal debt subjects our economic future to the whims of Asian bankers-no one can tell me that faith demands this Senate spend its time arguing over a handful of judges. No one with those priorities can use my faith to intimidate me.
If the people fail to vote, a government will be developed which is not their government... The whole system of American Government rests on the ballot box. Unless citizens perform their duties there, such a system of government is doomed to failure.
Hong Kong was promised democracy under the framework known as 'one country, two systems,' and China is ignoring this promise. The international community should be more attuned to this. It matters.