The way to understand how different species evolved is to think about the niches that they fill in an ecosystem - basically, how they make a living.
Interpretation
Species evolution is shaped by their roles within ecosystems and how they survive.
In this quote, Steven Pinker emphasizes that to grasp the process of evolution among various species, one must consider the specific roles or 'niches' they occupy within their ecosystems. Understanding how species adapt and thrive based on their ecological functions provides insight into the broader narrative of evolution, illustrating the interconnectedness of life forms and their environments.
In practice
In a biology class discussing evolution and ecosystems, this quote can help illustrate the concept of niches.
The foundation of individual rights is the assumption that people have wants and needs and are authorities on what those wants and needs are. If people's stated desires were just some kind of erasable inscription or reprogrammable brainwashing, any atrocity could be justified.
The linguistic clumsiness of tourists and students might be the price we pay for the linguistic genius we displayed as babies, just as the decrepitude of age in the price we pay for the vigor of youth.
If we are not to abandon values such as peace and equality, or our commitments to science and truth, then we must pry these values away from claims about our psychological makeup that are vulnerable to being proven false.
We adults protect ourselves with laws, police, workplace regulations and social norms and there is no conceivable reason why children should be left more vulnerable, other that laziness or callousness in considering what life is like from their point of view.
The idea that children are passive repositories to be shaped by their parents has been massively overstated. A child's peer group is a far greater determinant of its development and achievements than parental aspiration.
Reason is non-negotiable. Try to argue against it, or to exclude it from some realm of knowledge, and you've already lost the argument, because you're using reason to make your case. ... We don't "believe" in reason.
To the extent that we even understand string theory, it may imply a massive number of possible different universes with different laws of physics in each universe, and there may be no way of distinguishing between them or saying why the laws of physics are the way they are. And if I can predict anything, then I haven't explained anything.
I have had my results for a long time: but I do not yet know how I am to arrive at them.
Modern agriculture is the use of land to convert petroleum into food.
History employs evolution to structure biological events in time.
Mycologists are few and far between. We are under-funded, poorly represented in the context of other sciences - ironic, as the very foundation of our ecosystems are directly dependent upon fungi, which ultimately create the foundation of soils.
In a small lab, if you make a mistake, you can go in the next day and fix it. But here, when you are committed to spending a hundred thousand or a million dollars, you can't fix it later. You need to have a system of checks and balances internally. In particle physics, that's just part of the structure.
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